Evolve Postoperative Care Practice Test 2025 - Free Postoperative Care Practice Questions and Study Guide

The assessment that indicates the highest risk for the development of atelectasis in a postoperative patient is nonadherence to the pulmonary regimen. Spontaneous lung expansion and effective breathing patterns are crucial in preventing atelectasis, which is the collapse of alveoli in the lungs typically caused by inadequate ventilation.

In the postoperative period, patients are often at risk for atelectasis due to factors such as pain, sedation, or decreased mobility. A pulmonary regimen usually includes deep breathing exercises, use of an incentive spirometer, and proper positioning, all aimed at improving lung expansion. If a patient does not adhere to this regimen, they are less likely to engage in these activities that promote effective ventilation and lung expansion.

Consequently, nonadherence can lead to poor oxygenation and increase the risk of atelectasis, making it the most significant nursing assessment factor to indicate potential complications. Understanding the importance of compliance with pulmonary care in the postoperative setting is essential for preventing respiratory complications like atelectasis.